There are systems that can track habitual quitting and differentiate between it and lagging out of a match. I'm not sure about losing an entire prestige over habitual rage-quitting, but after a user has been flagged in the system as someone who does it often, maybe in-game feedback should effect their XP gained/lost.
I.e, they get flagged by the system, and quit out from 2 of their next 10 games. In those 2 games they quit out from, one of their teammates leaves 'Quitting' or 'Bad Sportsmanship' feedback, and they are then penalized with XP loss, an inability to play public matches for _ Hours, or even a rank reset.
But chances are nothing will happen. Why? Because MS's feedback system and titles are for the most-part, unrelated. Any feedback left on the 360 just goes towards that users total reputation, and in no way effects the game they are being shiesty on. Some titles offer their own feedback systems, or have their own means of tracking shady a**hats, but nothing that combines the two. The least we can hope for it Treyarch/IW/etc embracing their members feedback and implementing smart systems which can track these users, and deal with them in-game without involving MS.